The results of ftir analysis confirmed the presence of alcohol, phenols, alkanes, alkyl halides and alkynes. If you bought a plant with a tag that says cardamom. It is the most common of the species whose seeds are used as a spice called cardamom. Antibacterial activity, elettaria cardamomum, chhoti elaichi, minimum.
Ginger lily hedychium produces beautiful flowers that are used in garlands and other decorations. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum and its active constituent, i,8. In india, cardamom is cultivated in altitudes ranging from 900 to 1400 m above msl mean sea level covering three southern. Perhaps the widest misidentification in horticulture, the majority of cardamom plants sold in the us, are, in fact the cinnomon ginger, alpinia nutans.
Jul 09, 2015 the black cardamom is found mainly in australia and asia, is brown in color and larger. Cardamom elettaria identification, uses, medicinal. One best example is the spice mixture of garam masala that is used to season various vegetables and meat dishes, as well as popular middle eastern beverages such as turkish coffee and chai tea. These seeds are obtained from the species elettaria cardamomum, belonging to the family of zingiberaceae ginger family. Elettaria cardamomum definition of elettaria cardamomum. Analyses carried out in the united states reported cardamom to have the following nutrient compo sition per 100 g edible. The dried ripe fruits of cardamom have been used as a spice and in medicines since the 4th century bc.
Cardamom elettaria cardamomum is one of 1,300 species that belong to the zingiberaceae family, which is known for flowering perennial plants with tuberous roots and rhizomes. Elettaria cardamomum an overview sciencedirect topics. Henceforth, the elettaria cardamomum may have chemo preventive, antidiabetic, anti microbial and anticancer activity due to the presence of secondary metabolites in the methanolic extract. The seeds and oil from the seeds are used to make medicine. Pdf cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton, a native of high ranges of western ghats of india, is an ecofriendly plantation spice crop. Medicinal properties of cardamom elettaria cardamomum. Elettaria and amomum are the two main genera of the ginger family that are named as forms of cardamom. Other articles where elettaria cardamomum is discussed. It covers edible fruitsseeds used fresh, cooked or processed as vegetables, cereals, spices, stimulant, edible oils and beverages. Ginger is obtained from the rhizomes of zingiber officinale. Cardamom is an herb used in food and for medicinal purposes. Informing guests about the historical uses of medicinal herbs.
The seeds of elettaria cardamomum are the source of cardamom. Pdf therapeutic uses of elettaria cardomum find, read and cite all the. Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological. Pdf botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological. The ripe fruit when dried is sold commercially and it is often called the queen of spices due to the pleasant taste and aroma that it possesses. Both genera are native to the indian subcontinent and indonesia. Its use is also recommended by ayurveda in the treatment of disease of oral cavity.
It is sometimes known as the queen of spices alongside black pepper piper nigrum, which is known as the king of spices. Recent research on ceo has shown evidence of its antimicro. Cardamom comes from the ginger family elettaria cardamomum. These natural herbs are an important source of drugs for alternative medicine systems. Chemopreventive effects of cardamom elettaria cardamomum l. The seed is taken internally in the treatment of indigestion, nausea, vomiting, enuresis and pulmonary diseases with copious phlegm.
The most significant component of cardamom, as spice, is the volatile oil with its characteristic aroma, described generally as. Many spices have substantial affects on our cognitive and body functions. Singaravel sengottuvelu, in nuts and seeds in health and disease prevention, 2011. Our findings support the traditional medicinal use of this plant and its future. Jan 19, 2019 cardamom essential oil is a substance extracted from cardamom seeds that have previously been dried.
Cardamom elettaria cardamomum essential oil significantly. No other classic spice has such a patchy geographical distribution and variety of uses. It is commonly found growing in tropical monsoon forests in the western ghat mountains in the malabar region of sw india where rainfall typically reaches about 150 inches. Urinary disorders, cardiac disorders, infections in teeth and gums, treat throat troubles, cholesterol, nausea, indigestion and vomiting, treat pulmonary diseases like pulmonary tuberculosis, and inflammation of eyelids, digestive disorders like gas trouble. Medicinal properties of cardamom ellettaria cardamomum. Ela is known for its medicinal value from ancient times. It is commonly found in ayurvedic medicines used for the treatment of several diseases of these organs. Informing guests about the historical uses of medicinal. Qiblawi s, alhazimi a, almogbel m, hossain a, bagchi d 2012 chemopreventive effects of cardamom elettaria cardamomum l. In this experimental study, ethanolic extract of elettaria cardamomum maton ecm was.
Elettaria cardamomum cardamom grows in the tropics, in plantations or wild, usually in partially deforested tropical areas, as it needs shadow. Apart from its use as a flavoring agent in food preparations, confectioneries and cosmetics, cardamom is used both in ancient and modem medicines. Chemopreventive effects of cardamom elettaria cardamomum l on chemically induced skin carcinogenesis in swiss albino mice. Elettaria cardamomum definition of elettaria cardamomum by. Elettaria cardamomum, common names green cardamom, true cardamom, is a species native to southern india. Nutrient management in small cardamom elettaria cardamomum.
Cardamom elettaria cardamomum essential oil ceo is popular in skin care. But the later romans were responsible for making cardamom popular and using it extensively in good cooking. The seeds are helpful in indigestion and flatulence, giving a grateful but not fiery warmth. Elettaria cardamomum is the spice cardamom or elaichi used for cooking in many parts of the world and in india. It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in reunion, indochina, and costa rica. Medicinal plants are valuable resources for our health care system since ancient period. Elettaria cardamomum, chances are great that you have the wrong plant. Pdf therapeutic uses of elettaria cardomum semantic scholar. The attractive flowers are borne at ground level on muchbranched flowering stems and they develop into small green, white or brown threevalved capsules, each containing several brown seeds. Antiulcerogenic activity of elettaria cardamomum maton. Elettaria cardamomum health effects and herbal facts.
Cardamom is similarly used for the common cold and symptoms associated with it, like the cough. Its other uses are for heartburn, ibs, bronchitis, constipation, liver problems, and general prevention of infections how to use. Edible medicinal and nonmedicinal plants volume 5, fruits. November, 2008 cardamom, the queen of spices is native to evergreen western ghats of india and one of the most valuable spices in the world. It is beneficial for overall digestive system, respiratory system, kidneys, blood, heart, and skin. They are thought to constitute 80% of total drugs used by humans. Cardamom essential oil uses and benefits for health everphi. Cardamom essential oil ceo and extract are also traditionally known to be beneficial to the digestive system in various manners.
Cardamomchhoti ilayachi medicinal properties and health benefits and its home remedies. It is a perennial shrub with stems in the shape of the sheath, which have height between 2 and 5 m. Elettaria cardamomum was 1% ww and for amomum subulatum was 2. Pdf medicinal properties of elettaria cardamomum researchgate. At this point, the cardamom is ready to be incorporated into the cooking. This book continues as volume 5 of a multicompendium on edible medicinal and nonmedicinal plants.
For urinary obstruction, 1 gram of cardamom or elarisi powder can be given with tender coconut water twice to thrice a day. It is used in spicy dishes as well as in desserts as a flavoring agent. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial potential of dry fruitextracts of. Cardamom is used for digestion problems including heartburn, intestinal spasms, irritable bowel syndrome ibs, diarrhea, constipation, liver and gallbladder complaints, and loss of appetite. The healer made a number of uses of four spices in his formulations, namely bark of cinnamomum verum, leaves of cinnamomum tamala, floral buds of syzygium aromaticum, and fruits of elettaria cardamomum. Medicinal properties of aromatic compounds of cardamom. Lavender has been used, for its calming effect, to treat anxiety, insomnia, upset stomach, and as an antiseptic in the past. The yield of essential oils of elettaria cardamomum was 4. Cardamom is a rhizomatous, herbaceous, and perennial plant. Since 4 th century bc, it has been used in medicine and cooking. They are one of the highest priced and most expensive spices after saffron and vanilla. In traditional medicine, cardamom seeds are used for the treatment of a variety of. Rudraksha also spelled as rudraksh is the seed of medicinal plant botanically known as elaeocarpus ganitrus. It had also been mentioned in greek, egyptian and christian scripts.
Elettaria cardamomum seed extract is one of the ingredients of the polyherbal formulation for treating the dementia of alzheimers disease aaishwarya et al. It covers selected species from the following families. Elettaria cardamomum is a member of the ginger family zingiberaceae. Chemistry, medicinal properties, applications in dairy and food. This combination, in full or in part, along with other plant parts, was used to treat stomach pain, rheumatic pain, and puerperal fever. Cardamom is an ancient spice and has the longest influence in india, its birthplace. The spice has a warm, slightly pungent, and highly aromatic flavor and is popular in south asian dishes and in scandinavian pastries. Several species of shellflower alpinia are cultivated as ornamentals.
It has a large rhizome and long, dark green leaves, 3060 cm long and 515 cm wide. The seeds have a pleasant aroma and a characteristic warm, slightly pungent taste. For the case of medicinal use, cardamom seeds are used. Anupama november 3, 20 august 12, 2018 small or green cardamoms are native of south india and sri lanka. It has a large, fleshy rhizome, and the alternate, lanceolate leaves are blades from 1 to 2 12 feet long, smooth and dark green above, pale, glaucous green and finely silky beneath. In vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of elettaria. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum essential oil significantly inhibits vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and impacts genomewide gene expression in human dermal fibroblasts xuesheng han1 and tory l. It has a pale yellow color and a deepwarmy, spicy, sweet, slightly lemony and balsamicwoody aroma. Dec 21, 2018 cardamom elettaria cardamomum is one of 1,300 species that belong to the zingiberaceae family, which is known for flowering perennial plants with tuberous roots and rhizomes.
Elettaria cardamomum, commonly known as green or true cardamom, is a herbaceous, perennial plant in the ginger family, native to southern india. Mainly used in the dietary habits of millions around the world, cardamom use. Sep 04, 2015 rudraksha also spelled as rudraksh is the seed of medicinal plant botanically known as elaeocarpus ganitrus. Other wellknown members of this family, closely related to cardamom, are ginger zingiber officinale and turmeric curcuma longa. From ancient times, large cardamom has been used in local and traditional medicine. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton, a native of high ranges of western ghats of india, is an ecofriendly plantation spice crop. List of medicinal plants their uses in different diseases.
Cardamom, spice consisting of whole or ground dried fruits and seeds of elettaria cardamomum of the ginger family. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum, native to southeast asia, is traditionally used as a cooking spice. Cardamom, ginger and turmeric belong to the family zingiberaceace. Elettaria cardamomum is a herbaceous perennial plant with erect shoots bearing two rows of alternate green or dark green leaves.
This plant is native to tropical areas of india, burma and sri lanka. To prepare cardamom pods, crush and ground the pods using a pestle and mortar. Based on its panicle nature there are three varieties that are recognized. It also finds its application in the treatment of nausea. Maton is commonly known as small cardamom, green cardamom, or true cardamom and is grown in india, guatemala, sri lanka, nepal, indonesia, costa rica, mexico and tanzania garg et al. An excellent guide to over 500 of the more well known medicinal herbs from around the world. Ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rats and its prevention by essential oils of elettaria cardamomum and amomum subulatum.
Cardamom originates from the coastal area of india. Issn 03725480 301 printed in croatia veterinarski arhiv 87 3, 3015, 2017 in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of elettaria cardamomum maton extract and its effects, incorporated with chitosan, on storage time of lamb meat farhad sharafatichaleshtori1, and reza sharafatichaleshtori2 1medical plants research center, shahrekord university of medical sciences, shahrekord, iran. Health benefits of cardamom elettaria cardamomum cardamom is widely known as a spice mostly used in arabic, indian, swedish, and middle eastern cuisines. Cardamom essential oil is a substance extracted from cardamom seeds that have previously been dried. It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in.
Cardamom elettaria cardamomum is a leafy perennial herb with hairless leaves neatly arranged along thick fleshy stalks. Four compounds of cardamom were found to be nonmutagenic and noncarcinogenic. Elettaria cardamomum fruit ahpa botanical identity. Processing and medicinal uses of cardamom and ginger a. This book continues as volume 5 of a multicompendium on edible medicinal and non medicinal plants. There are two kinds of cardamoms found in the spice world. It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in reunion, indochina and costa rica. The attractive flowers are borne at ground level on muchbranched flowering stems and they develop into small green, white or brown three. However, in general, early references to the use of cardamom are sparse in. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum research earth to kathy. Elettaria cardamomum, commonly known as cardamom, is a pungent, aromatic, herbaceous, evergreen perennial of the ginger family.
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